1. 的 [de] of / ~'s (possessive particle) / (used after an attribute) / (used to form a nominal expression) / (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
Component: 白bái white+勺sháo spoon
Structure: 左右结构 Left-Right
2. 是 [shì] is / are / am / yes / to be
Component: 日rì sun+?(正 tran.)zhèng right
Structure: 上下结构 Top-Bottom
是的[shì de] yes
是的，你说对了。 Yes, you are right.
3. 了 [le] fininshed/completed action p.
Component: 了 finished
Structure: 独体字 Single
到了[dàole] arrived
我到了。I'm here.
4. 不 [bù] no / not
Component: 不 [bù] no / not
Structure:独体字 Single
我不知道。
I don’t know.
5. 一 [yī] one / a
Component: 一 [yī] one / a
Structure: 独体字 Single
他是第一名。He won the first prize.
我们一直是朋友。We have been friends the entire time.